AInsights Entry for (Z)-jasmone (CAS: 488-10-8)

1. Identity & Chemical Information

• Common Name(s): (Z)-jasmone
• IUPAC Name: (Z)-3-methyl-2-(2-pentenyl)-2-cyclopenten-1-one
• CAS Number: 488-10-8
• FEMA Number: 2760
• Other Identifiers: FL No. 09.017
• Molecular Formula: C11H16O
• Molecular Weight: 164.25 g/mol

(Z)-jasmone is a cyclic ketone with a characteristic jasmine-like odor. Its structure includes a cyclopentenone ring with a pentenyl side chain, which is crucial for its olfactory properties. The (Z)-isomer is particularly valued for its natural and floral scent, making it a staple in fragrance formulations.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; PubChem; FEMA

2. Sensory Profile

(Z)-jasmone is renowned for its delicate, floral, and jasmine-like aroma, often described as sweet, fresh, and slightly herbaceous. It is a moderate-intensity compound with a significant role as an impact note in both flavors and fragrances. The odor threshold is relatively low, allowing it to impart a noticeable scent even at minimal concentrations. Its sensory role is primarily as a modifier, enhancing the floral aspects of a composition.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; peer-reviewed sensory literature

3. Natural Occurrence & Formation

(Z)-jasmone naturally occurs in jasmine flowers and is a key component of their essential oil. It is biosynthesized in plants through the enzymatic degradation of fatty acids, specifically linolenic acid, via the lipoxygenase pathway. This compound is often associated with "natural fragrance" designations due to its presence in various floral sources.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; food chemistry literature; EFSA/JECFA monographs

4. Use in Flavors

In flavor applications, (Z)-jasmone is used to impart a floral and fresh note, particularly in fruit and floral flavor profiles. It is commonly found in products like teas, candies, and beverages. Typical use levels range from 0.1 to 5 ppm in finished products, with higher concentrations potentially leading to overpowering floral notes. It is relatively stable under acidic conditions but may degrade under high heat or oxidative environments.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; FEMA GRAS documentation; formulation literature

5. Use in Fragrances

(Z)-jasmone is a versatile ingredient in the fragrance industry, used across various fragrance families, including floral, green, and chypre. It serves as a middle note, providing a natural and fresh floral character. Typical concentrations in perfumes range from 0.1% to 1%, depending on the desired intensity and fragrance type. Its moderate volatility allows it to blend well with both top and base notes, enhancing the overall complexity of the fragrance.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; IFRA; fragrance chemistry texts

6. Regulatory Status (Regional Overview)

• United States: Recognized as GRAS by FEMA for flavor use.
• European Union: Approved under Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008 with FL No. 09.017.
• United Kingdom: Follows EU regulations post-Brexit.
• Asia: Approved for use in Japan and China, with specific concentration limits.
• Latin America: Generally accepted in Brazil and MERCOSUR countries, subject to local regulations.

Citation hooks: FEMA; EFSA; national authority publications

7. Toxicology, Safety & Exposure Considerations

For oral exposure, (Z)-jasmone is considered safe within the typical use levels in food, with a high margin of safety. Dermal exposure in fragrances is generally well-tolerated, though it may cause mild irritation in sensitive individuals. IFRA guidelines provide concentration limits to mitigate sensitization risks. Inhalation exposure is minimal due to its moderate volatility, but occupational exposure should be managed with standard safety practices.

Citation hooks: EFSA; FEMA; PubChem; toxicology literature

8. Practical Insights for Formulators

(Z)-jasmone is valued for its ability to impart a natural floral character, making it a staple in both flavor and fragrance formulations. It synergizes well with other floral and green notes, enhancing their freshness and complexity. Formulators should be cautious of its potency, as overuse can lead to an overpowering scent. It is often under-utilized in non-floral compositions where it can add subtle complexity.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; industry practice

9. Confidence & Data Quality Notes

The data on (Z)-jasmone is well-established, with comprehensive sensory and regulatory information available. Industry practices are well-documented, though some regional regulatory nuances may require further verification. Overall, the compound's safety and efficacy are supported by robust scientific literature.

Citation hooks: FlavScents

QA Check

• All required sections 1-9 are present
• "Citation hooks:" line is present under each section
• Flavor section includes ppm ranges
• Toxicology section covers oral, dermal, inhalation
• Regulatory section mentions US, EU, UK, Asia, Latin America

About FlavScents AInsights (Disclosure)
FlavScents AInsights integrates information from authoritative government, scientific, academic, and industry sources to provide applied, exposure-aware insight into flavor and fragrance materials. Data are drawn from regulatory bodies, expert safety panels, peer-reviewed literature, public chemical databases, and long-standing professional practice within the flavor and fragrance community. Where explicit published values exist, they are reported directly; where gaps remain, AInsights reflects widely accepted industry-typical practice derived from convergent sensory behavior, historical commercial use, regulatory non-objection, and expert consensus. All such information is clearly labeled to distinguish documented data from professional guidance or informed estimation, with the goal of offering transparent, practical, and scientifically responsible context for researchers, formulators, and regulatory specialists. This section is generated using advanced computational language modeling to synthesize and structure information from established scientific and regulatory knowledge bases, with the intent of supporting—not replacing—expert review and judgment.

Generated 2026-06-25 14:00:03 GMT (p2)