FlavScents AInsights Entry for Ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate (CAS: 3025-30-7)
1. Identity & Chemical Information
- Common Name(s): Ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate
- IUPAC Name: Ethyl (2E,4Z)-deca-2,4-dienoate
- CAS Number: 3025-30-7
- FEMA Number: 2391
- Other Identifiers: FL No. 02.084
- Molecular Formula: C12H20O2
- Molecular Weight: 196.29 g/mol
Ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate is an ester compound characterized by its fruity aroma, often associated with pear and apple notes. The presence of conjugated double bonds in its structure contributes to its distinctive odor profile, making it a valuable component in flavor and fragrance formulations.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; PubChem; FEMA
2. Sensory Profile
Ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate is renowned for its strong, fruity aroma reminiscent of ripe pears and apples. It is often described as having a sweet, juicy, and slightly floral character. The compound exhibits high odor intensity and excellent diffusion properties, making it an impactful top note in both flavor and fragrance compositions. The odor threshold is relatively low, allowing it to be perceived at minimal concentrations, although specific threshold values are not clearly reported.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; peer-reviewed sensory literature
3. Natural Occurrence & Formation
This compound is naturally found in various fruits, including apples and pears, contributing to their characteristic aromas. It is formed through enzymatic processes during fruit ripening, where fatty acid precursors are converted into volatile esters. Ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate is often used in products labeled as "natural flavor" due to its occurrence in nature.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; food chemistry literature; EFSA/JECFA monographs
4. Use in Flavors
Ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate is widely used in the flavor industry, particularly in fruit-flavored products such as beverages, candies, and desserts. It serves as an impact note, providing a fresh and juicy pear-like aroma. Typical use levels in finished products range from 0.1 to 5 ppm, with variations depending on the desired intensity and product type. The compound is stable under typical processing conditions but may degrade under extreme heat or acidic environments.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; FEMA GRAS documentation; formulation literature
5. Use in Fragrances
In the fragrance industry, ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate is utilized in fruity and floral compositions, often as a top note. It imparts a fresh, juicy character that enhances the realism of fruit accords. Typical concentrations in fragrance formulations range from trace amounts to 0.5%, depending on the desired effect and product type. Its volatility makes it suitable for use in perfumes, body sprays, and air fresheners.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; IFRA; fragrance chemistry texts
6. Regulatory Status (Regional Overview)
- United States: Recognized as GRAS by FEMA for flavor use.
- European Union: Approved under Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008 with FL No. 02.084.
- United Kingdom: Follows EU regulations post-Brexit.
- Asia: Approved for use in Japan and China, with specific restrictions varying by country.
- Latin America: Generally accepted in Brazil and MERCOSUR countries, subject to local regulations.
Citation hooks: FEMA; EFSA; national authority publications
7. Toxicology, Safety & Exposure Considerations
Ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate is considered safe for use in food and fragrance applications at typical exposure levels. Oral exposure through flavor use is supported by GRAS status, with no specific ADI established. Dermal exposure in fragrances is generally safe, with no significant irritation or sensitization reported. Inhalation exposure is minimal due to its low volatility, but occupational safety measures should be observed during handling.
Citation hooks: EFSA; FEMA; PubChem; toxicology literature
8. Practical Insights for Formulators
Ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate is valued for its ability to impart a fresh, juicy fruit character to formulations. It synergizes well with other fruity and floral notes, enhancing the overall aroma profile. Formulators should be cautious of its potency, as overuse can lead to an overpowering scent. It is often under-utilized in complex blends where subtlety is required.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; industry practice
9. Confidence & Data Quality Notes
The data on ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate is well-established, with comprehensive sensory and regulatory information available. Industry practices are well-documented, although specific sensory thresholds and regional regulatory nuances may require further clarification.
Citation hooks: FlavScents
QA Check
- All required sections 1–9 are present
- "Citation hooks:" line is present under each section
- Flavor section includes ppm ranges
- Toxicology section covers oral, dermal, inhalation
- Regulatory section mentions US, EU, UK, Asia, Latin America
About FlavScents AInsights (Disclosure)
FlavScents AInsights integrates information from authoritative government, scientific, academic, and industry sources to provide applied, exposure-aware insight into flavor and fragrance materials. Data are drawn from regulatory bodies, expert safety panels, peer-reviewed literature, public chemical databases, and long-standing professional practice within the flavor and fragrance community. Where explicit published values exist, they are reported directly; where gaps remain, AInsights reflects widely accepted industry-typical practice derived from convergent sensory behavior, historical commercial use, regulatory non-objection, and expert consensus. All such information is clearly labeled to distinguish documented data from professional guidance or informed estimation, with the goal of offering transparent, practical, and scientifically responsible context for researchers, formulators, and regulatory specialists. This section is generated using advanced computational language modeling to synthesize and structure information from established scientific and regulatory knowledge bases, with the intent of supporting—not replacing—expert review and judgment.
Generated 2026-02-24 14:39:50 GMT (p2)
