FlavScents AInsights Entry for 4-nitrophenyl galactoside (CAS: 3150-24-1)

1. Identity & Chemical Information

• Common Name(s): 4-nitrophenyl galactoside
• IUPAC Name: 4-nitrophenyl β-D-galactopyranoside
• CAS Number: 3150-24-1
• FEMA Number: Not applicable
• Other Identifiers: Not applicable
• Molecular Formula: C12H15NO8
• Molecular Weight: 301.25 g/mol

4-nitrophenyl galactoside is a synthetic compound characterized by the presence of a nitrophenyl group attached to a galactoside moiety. The nitro group contributes to its chemical reactivity and potential applications in enzymatic assays, particularly as a substrate for β-galactosidase. Its structure does not inherently suggest a direct odor or flavor relevance, but its functional groups may influence its stability and reactivity in formulations.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; PubChem; FEMA

2. Sensory Profile

4-nitrophenyl galactoside is not typically associated with a distinct sensory profile in terms of odor or flavor. It is primarily used in laboratory settings as a chromogenic substrate rather than in flavor or fragrance applications. Therefore, specific odor and flavor descriptors, as well as taste thresholds, are not applicable or documented for this compound.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; peer-reviewed sensory literature

3. Natural Occurrence & Formation

4-nitrophenyl galactoside does not occur naturally and is synthesized for use in biochemical assays. It is not relevant to natural flavor or fragrance designations, as it is a purely synthetic compound. Its formation involves chemical synthesis pathways that incorporate the nitrophenyl group into a galactoside structure, typically through organic synthesis techniques.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; food chemistry literature; EFSA/JECFA monographs

4. Use in Flavors

4-nitrophenyl galactoside is not used in flavor applications due to its synthetic nature and lack of sensory attributes. It is primarily utilized in laboratory settings for enzyme assays, particularly as a substrate for β-galactosidase, where it releases a yellow color upon enzymatic cleavage. Therefore, typical use levels in food or beverage systems are not applicable.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; FEMA GRAS documentation; formulation literature

5. Use in Fragrances

Similarly, 4-nitrophenyl galactoside is not used in fragrance formulations. Its role is confined to biochemical applications rather than sensory enhancement in consumer products. As such, it does not contribute to fragrance families or product types, nor does it have a functional role in fragrance systems.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; IFRA; fragrance chemistry texts

6. Regulatory Status (Regional Overview)

• United States: Not listed as a FEMA GRAS substance for flavor use.
• European Union: Not applicable under Reg. (EC) No 1334/2008 for flavor use.
• United Kingdom: No specific post-Brexit regulatory status for flavor or fragrance use.
• Asia: No documented approvals or uses in Japan, China, or ASEAN countries for flavor or fragrance applications.
• Latin America: No specific regulatory status in Brazil or MERCOSUR for flavor or fragrance use.

4-nitrophenyl galactoside is primarily regulated as a laboratory reagent rather than a flavor or fragrance ingredient.

Citation hooks: FEMA; EFSA; national authority publications

7. Toxicology, Safety & Exposure Considerations

• Oral Exposure: Not applicable for flavor use; no ADI, TTC, or MSDI values are established.
• Dermal Exposure: Not relevant for fragrance use; no data on irritation or sensitization.
• Inhalation Exposure: Not applicable; no occupational exposure limits are established.

The compound's safety profile is primarily considered in the context of laboratory handling, where standard safety precautions for chemical reagents apply.

Citation hooks: EFSA; FEMA; PubChem; toxicology literature

8. Practical Insights for Formulators

4-nitrophenyl galactoside is valuable in biochemical research as a substrate for enzyme assays, particularly for detecting β-galactosidase activity. It is not used in flavor or fragrance formulations, so typical synergies, formulation pitfalls, or usage trends in these industries are not applicable.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; industry practice

9. Confidence & Data Quality Notes

The data on 4-nitrophenyl galactoside is well-established in the context of its use as a laboratory reagent. There are no industry-typical practices for its use in flavors or fragrances, and no significant data gaps or regulatory ambiguities exist for its intended applications.

Citation hooks: FlavScents

QA Check

• All required sections 1–9 are present
• "Citation hooks:" line is present under each section
• Flavor section includes ppm ranges (not applicable for this compound)
• Toxicology section covers oral, dermal, inhalation
• Regulatory section mentions US, EU, UK, Asia, Latin America
• If complex natural material: includes section 5a (not applicable for this compound)

About FlavScents AInsights (Disclosure)
FlavScents AInsights integrates information from authoritative government, scientific, academic, and industry sources to provide applied, exposure-aware insight into flavor and fragrance materials. Data are drawn from regulatory bodies, expert safety panels, peer-reviewed literature, public chemical databases, and long-standing professional practice within the flavor and fragrance community. Where explicit published values exist, they are reported directly; where gaps remain, AInsights reflects widely accepted industry-typical practice derived from convergent sensory behavior, historical commercial use, regulatory non-objection, and expert consensus. All such information is clearly labeled to distinguish documented data from professional guidance or informed estimation, with the goal of offering transparent, practical, and scientifically responsible context for researchers, formulators, and regulatory specialists. This section is generated using advanced computational language modeling to synthesize and structure information from established scientific and regulatory knowledge bases, with the intent of supporting—not replacing—expert review and judgment.

Generated 2026-03-26 11:15:04 GMT (p2)