decanal (aldehyde C-10)

Full Material List

decanal

Identifiers

CAS (Single)	112-31-2
FEMA	2362
EINECS	203-957-4
Synonyms	aldehyde C 10 decylic food grade aldehyde C-10 aldehyde C-10 (natural) aldehyde C-10 extra aldehyde C-10 FCC aldehyde C-10 natural aldehyde C-10, 25%, natural aldehyde C-10, 50% natural aldehyde C-10, 50%, natural aldehyde C-10, natural aldehyde C10 capraldehyde capric aldehyde caprinaldehyde caprinic aldehyde decaldehyde N- decaldehyde 1- decanal N- decanal decanal (aldehyde C-10) decanal (orange C10 ald) natural decanal 50% extra natural decanal 50% in ETOH natural decanal 50% natural citrustt decanal 50%, natural decanal 65% (natural) decanal 80% natural decanal 90%, natural decanal BRI decanal classic 25% natural decanal natural decanal, natual ex citrus decanaldehyde decyl aldehyde 1- decyl aldehyde N- decyl aldehyde decylic aldehyde
JECFA Food Flavoring	104
JECFA Food Additive	N/A
DG SANTE Food Flavourings	05.010 decanal
DG SANTE Food Contact Materials	N/A
FDA UNII	31Z90Q7KQJ
CoE Number	98
XlogP3-AA	N/A
Molecular Weight	156.2686
Molecular Formula	C10 H20 O

Properties

Food Chemicals Codex Listed	Yes
Appearance	colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est)
Assay	95.00 to 100.00
Specific Gravity	0.82400 to 0.83200 @ 25.00 °C.
Lbs/Gal (est)	6.857 to 6.923
Refractive Index	1.42700 to 1.43400 @ 20.00 Â°C.
Melting Point	17.00 to 18.00 Â°C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point	207.00 to 209.00 Â°C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Flash Point	181.00 Â°F. TCC ( 83.00 Â°C. )
Acid Value	10.00 max. KOH/g
Vapor Pressure	0.207000 mmHg @ 25.00 Â°C. (est)
Vapor Density	>1 ( Air = 1 )
logP (o/w)	3.970 (est)
Soluble In	alcohol dipropylene glycol fixed oils propylene glycol water, 43.52 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) glycerin antiperspirant cream deodorant spray non-discoloring in most media soap
Occurrence	beer bergamot oil @ 0.037-0.103% bergamot oil turkey @ 0.04% betel leaf oil @ 2.87% blood orange oil (citrus sinensis l. var. sanguinello) italy @ 0.271% blood orange oil (citrus sinensis l. var. tarocco) italy @ 0.162% blood orange oil italy @ 0.161% butter caraway seed cerastium candidissimum corr. oil greece @ 3.70% cistus oil @ 0.2% citronella oil ceylon @ 0.18% citronella oil china @ 0.10% citronella oil java @ 0.10% coconut coriander fruit coriander leaf coriander leaf oil @ 9.25-9.45% coriander seed 6.00 to 80.00 ppm coriander seed oil coriander seed oil CO2 extract @ 1.20% coriander seed oil cuba @ 0.15% cranberry fruit curry fruit oil india @ 0.10% curry leaf oil india @ 0.10% dialium guineense wild.fruit oil france @ 1.50% dill seed fish fleabane oil @ trace% ginger oil ginger plant ginger root ginger root oil CO2 extract australia @ 0.11% glycosmis pentaphylla (cor.) seed oil india @ 1.60% grapefruit oil c.p. @ 0.19% grapefruit oil c.p. @ 0.26% grapefruit oil c.p. @ 0.26% grapefruit oil c.p. italy @ 0.22% grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 0.22% grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 0.27% grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 0.29% grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 0.79% grapefruit oil california @ 0.53% grapefruit oil CO2 extract @ 0.63% ham heracleum candolleanum rhizome oil india @ 3.00% heracleum paphlagonicum czeczott fruit oil turkey @ 0.90% herniaria incana lam. oil greece @ 0.40% hyacinthus orientalis absolute @ 0.01-0.02% jambu flower oil brazil @ 0.60% lavender lemon leaf lemon oil lemon oil california @ 0.05% lemon petiole lemongrass oil @ 0.26% lemongrass plant lime fruit lime oil distilled mexico @ 0.20% lime oil distilled peru @ 0.11% lime oil expressed florida @ 0.1% mandarin fruit mandarin oil @ 0.36% mandarin oil avana @ 0.11% mandarin oil italy @ 0.09% mandarin oil japan @ 0.10% mandarin oil uruguay @ 0.30-0.32% meat mikan peel oil @ 0.08% oat seed orange bitter orange orange fruit orange fruit juice orange oil c.p. brazil @ 0.29-0.33% orange oil terpeneless @ 11.50% orange peel oil bitter brazil @ 0.12% orange peel oil bitter china @ 0.10% orange peel oil bitter italy @ 0.11% orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.263% orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.264% orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.321% orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.400% orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.431% orange peel oil sweet c.p. florida @ 0.18% orange peel oil sweet c.p. valencia @ 0.28% orris osmanthus absolute @ trace% papaya fruit petitgrain petitgrain grapefruit oil @ 0.10% petitgrain lemon oil @ 0.33% petitgrain lime oil @ 0.20% phlomis fruticosa l. flower oil greece @ 0.30% plum fruit safflower flower safflower leaf sage clary sage strawberry wild strawberry fruit tagete oil turkey @ 0.12% tangerine oil america @ 0.12% tea tomato ulva rigida oil greece @ 1.20% wheat shoot witch hazel leaf oil @ 0.03% yuzu leaf oil @ 0.07-0.12% yuzu peel oil c.p. @ trace% yuzu peel oil CO2 extract @ trace-0.03% zingiber officinale root oil china @ 0.40%

Organoleptic

Organoleptic Notes	1. Odor Type: aldehydic Odor Strength:high ,recommend smelling in a 1.00 % solution or less Substantivity:224 hour(s) at 100.00 % sweet aldehydic waxy orange peel citrus floral Odor Description:at 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol. sweet aldehydic waxy orange peel citrus floralLuebke, William tgsc, (1981) Odor sample from: Berje Inc. sweet aldehydic orange waxy citrus rind Odor Description:Sweet, aldehydic, orange, waxy and citrus rindMosciano, Gerard P&F 20, No. 4, 23, (1995)
Odor	aldehydic sweet, aldehydic, waxy, orange, peel, citrus, floral, rind
Flavor	waxy waxy, fatty, citrus, orange, peel, green, melon,

AInsights BETA

FlavScents AInsights Entry for Decanal (Aldehyde C-10)

1. Identity & Chemical Information

Common Name(s): Decanal, Aldehyde C-10
IUPAC Name: Decanal
CAS Number: 112-31-2
FEMA Number: 2362
Other Identifiers: FL No. 02.013
Molecular Formula: C10H20O
Molecular Weight: 156.27 g/mol

Decanal is a saturated aliphatic aldehyde with a ten-carbon chain. Its structure is characterized by a terminal aldehyde group, which is crucial for its odor profile. The aldehyde group contributes to its distinctive fatty, citrus-like aroma, making it a valuable component in both flavor and fragrance formulations.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; PubChem; FEMA

2. Sensory Profile

Decanal is known for its strong, citrusy, and slightly waxy odor, reminiscent of orange peel. It is often described as having a fresh, aldehydic character with moderate diffusion and intensity. In flavor applications, decanal imparts a citrusy note that can enhance the freshness and realism of fruit flavors. The odor threshold of decanal is relatively low, allowing it to be effective even at minimal concentrations.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; peer-reviewed sensory literature

3. Natural Occurrence & Formation

Decanal naturally occurs in the essential oils of citrus fruits, such as oranges and lemons. It is also found in coriander and ginger. The compound can form through the oxidation of corresponding alcohols or via the degradation of fatty acids. Its presence in natural sources allows it to be designated as a "natural flavor" or "natural fragrance" under certain regulatory frameworks.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; food chemistry literature; EFSA/JECFA monographs

4. Use in Flavors

Decanal is widely used in flavor formulations, particularly in citrus and fruity profiles. It serves as an impact note, providing a fresh and zesty character. Typical use levels in food and beverages range from 0.1 to 5 ppm, depending on the desired intensity and the complexity of the flavor system. Decanal is stable under acidic conditions but may degrade under high heat or prolonged exposure to air, necessitating careful formulation considerations.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; FEMA GRAS documentation; formulation literature

5. Use in Fragrances

In perfumery, decanal is utilized in citrus, floral, and aldehydic fragrance families. It acts as a top note, contributing freshness and lift to compositions. Typical concentrations in fragrance products range from trace amounts to 1%, depending on the desired effect and product type. Its volatility makes it suitable for top note applications, where it provides an initial burst of freshness.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; IFRA; fragrance chemistry texts

6. Regulatory Status (Regional Overview)

United States: Recognized as GRAS by FEMA for flavor use.
European Union: Listed under Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008 with FL No. 02.013.
United Kingdom: Aligns with EU regulations post-Brexit.
Asia: Approved for use in Japan and China, with specific restrictions varying by country.
Latin America: Generally accepted, with specific regulations in countries like Brazil.

Decanal is widely approved for use in both flavors and fragrances, with harmonized regulations across many regions. However, formulators should verify specific country requirements to ensure compliance.

Citation hooks: FEMA; EFSA; national authority publications

7. Toxicology, Safety & Exposure Considerations

Decanal is considered safe for use in food and fragrance applications at typical exposure levels. For oral exposure, it has a high margin of safety, with no adverse effects reported at typical use levels. Dermal exposure in fragrance applications is generally well-tolerated, though it may cause mild irritation in sensitive individuals. Inhalation exposure is minimal due to its low volatility, but occupational exposure should be managed with standard safety precautions.

Citation hooks: EFSA; FEMA; PubChem; toxicology literature

8. Practical Insights for Formulators

Decanal is valued for its ability to impart a fresh, citrusy note that enhances the realism of both flavor and fragrance compositions. It synergizes well with other citrus and aldehydic compounds, but care must be taken to avoid overpowering the formulation. Common pitfalls include using excessive amounts, which can lead to a harsh or soapy character. It is often under-utilized in complex formulations where its subtlety can add depth and brightness.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; industry practice

9. Confidence & Data Quality Notes

The data on decanal is well-established, with comprehensive sensory and regulatory information available. Industry practices are well-documented, though some regional regulatory nuances may require further verification. Overall, the confidence in the data quality is high, with no significant gaps identified.

Citation hooks: FlavScents

QA Check

All required sections 1–9 are present
"Citation hooks:" line is present under each section
Flavor section includes ppm ranges
Toxicology section covers oral, dermal, inhalation
Regulatory section mentions US, EU, UK, Asia, Latin America
If complex natural material: includes section 5a (not applicable here)

About FlavScents AInsights (Disclosure)
FlavScents AInsights integrates information from authoritative government, scientific, academic, and industry sources to provide applied, exposure-aware insight into flavor and fragrance materials. Data are drawn from regulatory bodies, expert safety panels, peer-reviewed literature, public chemical databases, and long-standing professional practice within the flavor and fragrance community. Where explicit published values exist, they are reported directly; where gaps remain, AInsights reflects widely accepted industry-typical practice derived from convergent sensory behavior, historical commercial use, regulatory non-objection, and expert consensus. All such information is clearly labeled to distinguish documented data from professional guidance or informed estimation, with the goal of offering transparent, practical, and scientifically responsible context for researchers, formulators, and regulatory specialists. This section is generated using advanced computational language modeling to synthesize and structure information from established scientific and regulatory knowledge bases, with the intent of supporting—not replacing—expert review and judgment.

Generated 2026-03-21 09:07:28 GMT (p2)

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decanal (aldehyde C-10)

Identifiers

Properties

Organoleptic

AInsights BETA

FlavScents AInsights Entry for Decanal (Aldehyde C-10)

1. Identity & Chemical Information

2. Sensory Profile

3. Natural Occurrence & Formation

4. Use in Flavors

5. Use in Fragrances

6. Regulatory Status (Regional Overview)

7. Toxicology, Safety & Exposure Considerations

8. Practical Insights for Formulators

9. Confidence & Data Quality Notes

QA Check

Suppliers

Advanced Biotech

Vigon International

Vigon International

Vigon International

Axxence Corporation

Penta Fine Ingredients

Penta Fine Ingredients